Antidepressants are pharmaceutical medications designed to alleviate symptoms of depression and improve mood. They work by balancing neurotransmitters in the brain, such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine, which play crucial roles in regulating emotions. Common classes include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and atypical antidepressants. With their proven effectiveness, antidepressants are an essential part of treatment plans for individuals experiencing major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders.