Antibiotics are pharmaceutical agents used to treat bacterial infections by inhibiting the growth or killing bacteria. They are essential in managing a wide range of infections, from minor ailments like strep throat to severe conditions such as pneumonia. Antibiotics can be classified into various categories, including penicillins, tetracyclines, and macrolides, each targeting specific types of bacteria. Their efficacy in combating infections has made antibiotics a cornerstone of modern medicine, although responsible use is crucial to prevent antibiotic resistance.